• Saurav Kumar Singh

"Mutual coupling" refers to the interaction between antennas in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. In a MIMO setup, multiple antennas are used for both transmission and reception of signals. However, the antennas can influence each other due to their proximity, which is called mutual coupling. This phenomenon can affect the performance of the MIMO system by altering signal transmission and reception characteristics. The review likely explores how this interaction impacts the overall performance and how it can be managed or mitigated to optimize the system's efficiency. In the intricate web of antenna optimization, mutual coupling emerges as a crucial player, impacting system performance in multifaceted ways. While some relief can be found through post-processing techniques—specifically by calibrating the received voltage to mitigate these coupling effects—it's important to note the limitations. Despite these adjustments, the Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) remains stubbornly unaffected by post-processing maneuvers. To truly unlock the pinnacle of performance, the focus must shift to the initial design stages of the array antenna. Here lies the key to achieving optimal system efficacy. While existing literature is rife with a multitude of techniques aimed at mitigating mutual coupling, there's a catch: the majority of these methods are tailored for the more common two-port antennas, leaving a gap in solutions for the complex demands of massive MIMO antennas found at base stations. However, amid this landscape, hope twinkles on the horizon. This paper stands as a beacon of promise, poised to unravel a series of innovative mutual coupling reduction techniques specially curated for the colossal arrays housed within base station setups. As it delves deeper into these cutting-edge strategies, it holds the potential to bridge the gap between theory and practical implementation, ushering in a new era of optimized performance in massive MIMO systems.

MIMO antennas, mutual coupling, decoupling techniques

"Review of decoupling techniques in MIMO systems", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.10, Issue 11, page no.e536-e541, November-2023, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2311470.pdf

"Review of decoupling techniques in MIMO systems", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.10, Issue 11, page no. ppe536-e541, November-2023, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2311470.pdf