Abstract
Methanol is an alternative source of fossil fuel that is environmentally friendly and renewable. Methanol gives low carbon dioxide emissions and other hazardous materials such as NOx, SOx, etc., when transformed into hydrocarbons, hence less polluting the environment. Methanol can be synthesized from different sources such as coal, CO2, biomass, natural gas, and municipal waste. Information about the methanol-to-hydrocarbon (MTH) process over ZSM-5, ZSM-11, SAPO-34, SAPO-17, and SAPO-18 catalyst has been discussed. Also, the methanol-to-olefins (MTO) process over ZSM-5 and methanol-to-aromatics (MTA) over ZSM-5 and ZSM-11 are discussed. Modification with metals enhances the catalyst acidity. It was observed that after modification, the catalytic performance is increased and showed better conversion, selectivity/yield towards the selective product. The effects of various parameters such as surface morphology, temperature, pressure, WHSV, etc., are discussed, which give a good understanding of the catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability in the MTH, methanol-to-gasoline (MTG), MTO, MTA process.