• Abbas Aed Gatea

This study presents a comprehensive examination of speech production variability and invariance among Arabic and Kurdish speakers, incorporating sociolinguistic, cognitive, and linguistic perspectives. The investigation focuses on the intrinsic dialectal diversity and phonetic uniqueness of these languages, which are influenced by a variety of factors including age, gender, and socio-economic status. Utilizing a meta-analytical approach, the research synthesizes findings from various studies to delve into phonetic features, bilingual speech production, and the implications for speech recognition technology. The paper highlights the complex interplay of linguistic structures, speaker identity, and sociolinguistic variables, underscoring the need for advanced linguistic models that accommodate the rich diversity inherent in Arabic and Kurdish dialects. This study contributes to the field by providing deeper insights into the variable and invariant aspects of speech production, which are crucial for improving linguistic technologies and understanding the social dynamics of language use.

Speech Production Variability, Phonetic Features, Arabic-Kurdish Bilingualism, Sociolinguistic Factors, Dialectal Diversity, Speech Recognition Technology, Meta-Analysis, Cognitive Linguistics

"The Mental and Physical Perspectives of Speech Production Between Invariance and Variability", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.11, Issue 4, page no.g113-g131, April-2024, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2404611.pdf

"The Mental and Physical Perspectives of Speech Production Between Invariance and Variability", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.11, Issue 4, page no. ppg113-g131, April-2024, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2404611.pdf