• Aditya Bharti
• Aditya Bharti

For green smart cities to thrive sustainably, urban greenery is essential. The lack of urban greenery in today's green smart cities results in abnormally high temperatures and negative health effects on people, including heat stroke, headaches, dehydration, respiratory problems, and cardiovascular disease. This paper provides a thorough analysis of image processing techniques used in the evaluation of urban vegetation. There are frequently not enough green spaces in urban settings, which emphasizes how crucial it is to understand and monitor the state and distribution of vegetation for the benefit of the environment and people. Notably, high-resolution satellite and aerial photos—especially the latter—are extremely useful for assessing urban vegetation. In this paper, we explore state-of-the-art image processing methods for studying urban vegetation, concentrating on classification, segmentation, and algorithms for change detection. This paper examines several feature extraction and classification techniques, including texture analysis, spectral indices, and object-based analysis. Furthermore, we investigate the constraints and future directions in urban vegetation analysis related to machine learning and deep learning integration, multi-sensor data fusion, and the incorporation of emerging technologies like hyper spectral imaging and Li DAR. Researchers, practitioners, and politicians engaged in initiatives aiming at monitoring and improving green spaces within urban areas will find value in the insights gained from this assessment.

Urban Vegetation, Artificial Neural Networks, Fuzzy Classification, Decision Tree Classification, Deep Learning, Machine Learning, and Feature Extraction.

"Urban Vegetation's Effect on the Development of Sustainable Smart Cities: A Thorough Evaluation", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.11, Issue 4, page no.l717-l725, April-2024, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2404B97.pdf

"Urban Vegetation's Effect on the Development of Sustainable Smart Cities: A Thorough Evaluation", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.11, Issue 4, page no. ppl717-l725, April-2024, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2404B97.pdf